http://www.oilindustryhistory.com Ideas, Information And Discussion About The History Of The Oil Industry. History Of Oil en-us Everyone offshore is a faliure. If you were good at what they did, they would do it onshore. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/people.html#12019107108 http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 1 I knew a guy from the US that used to keep up his golf skills by going onto the helideck of the semi I was on and knock balls into the sea. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/people.html#581919107108 http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 2 I have seen tough grown men with tears in their eyes because the Rig they had worked on for years was leaving to go to another country and they go with it. So yes, I agree for many people they ... http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/people.html#551919107108 http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 3 North Sea Tigers are any person that works in the North Sea UK sector. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/uk.html#174520236108 http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 4 Job opportunity ... Work with us. ... was set up initially to provide free quality information. ... This we believe is the true nature of the internet, one which many other sites in this sector are moving away from. We would love to hear from you. by completing the small reply form at the bottom of every page. The discreet advertising on this site helps to keep it ... free for everyone. put your email in the website ... box of the reply form ... http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/about_us.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 5 Why is oil measured by the ... In the mid 19Th century, during the early days of the modern industry, crude oil was transported in barrels and that reference of measurement has stuck. In the U.S. Explorers found more oil than they thought possible. Being overwhelmed with the huge quantities gushing from their new wells, they had to find some way of storing and transporting it. There were companies already making wooden barrels for the whiskey industry and these same barrels were used for oil. Such was the demand for barrels for the oil industry, manufacturers made machines to speed up the process. World oil consumption is nearly 3 Billion barrels a month. Today we use so much that it is not economical to transport crude oil in barrels. Pipelines and tanker ships deliver billions of barrels of oil every year. A Barrel of crude oil is 42 USA gallons or about 159 litres. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/barrel.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 6 Some historians believe Hitler lost the war because he ... have enough of it. Undoubtedly it contributed to a swifter end to the Second World War. There is a sense of community on a rig. Everyone is your neighbour and most people try to get on well with each other. There is the usual friendly banter you always get when a bunch of men are together away from home. But there are rarely any problems or bullying. Everyone puts more effort into avoiding problems than they would at home. Not everyone will become your friend but as you do not cause problems and do your work you are unlikely to have any issues with others on the rig. Rigs generate their own electricity and water arrives in two forms by boat. You have drinking water and you have ... water, which has many uses from flushing toilets to washing down decks and windows. The North ... North Sea Oil was first discovered in Norwegian waters in 1966. Shortly after that the first Scottish fields were discovered. In 1970 the Forties field was discovered and five years later the first oil came ashore. Scotland now produces more oil than Kuwait. In the mid seventies the UK was in dire financial trouble and it was oil that saved England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland from bankruptcy. Having our own oil meant we were not dependant on OPEC who were forcing up the cost at the pumps and we could pay for the massive numbers unemployed across the UK at the time. Other problems such as the ... strikes caused financial pressure for the whole country that would have been far worse if not for the oil. North Sea Tigers are any person that works in the North Sea UK sector. They said the North Sea would be dry by 1995. In 2008 it was estimated that there was over 30 Billion barrels left, which is more than we have taken out already. We have not yet looked at every part of our waters. New technology is allowing us to drill in deeper and deeper water and in the wild Atlantic waters off the west coast of Scotland. Scottish and other UK companies are world leaders in these new technologies. Similar technology also allows us to extract more oil from previously abandoned wells. Therefore the remaining oil reserves could be as much as 60 ... 100 Billion barrels. In 2008 Shell brought 4 new fields online and invested over 100 Million pounds into their North Sea operation. They do not throw their money into something that will not give them a return. ... What is a barrel of ... In the early days of the industry, Oil was transported in barrels and that reference of measurement has stuck. So what is a ... A Barrel of crude oil is 42 USA gallons or about 159 litres. Crude oil is the black stuff that comes out of the well before refinement. It contains all the ingredients to create many different products during the refinement process. Crude oil itself is not used for anything. To make it useful we need to process it. That process is called refinement. During refinement, various commodities are extracted. For example, diesel, lubricating oils, heating oils etc This amount of crude oil ... Nearly 5 litres of LPG Enough jet fuel for a passenger plane to travel a mile 1 tank of petrol ... for an average sized car. ... Why does the price of oil ... Supply and ... The more the world uses, the more demand there is and the more it costs. Then as suppliers catch up with demand, the price may go down a bit. More Expensive ... In many parts of the world including the North Sea, the Oil companies have naturally sourced the easiest fields first. New offshore fields may be in deeper water or deeper below the sea bed or both. They could be in rougher waters or be a long way from land. All these factors and more increase the cost of obtaining the oil. Speculators ... By far and away the main reason the oil price rises is because of market speculation. Just as in the money markets or stocks and shares, traders can greatly affect prices of the commodity being sold. Many people in the UK if asked would probably imagine that oil prices are rising in the UK because our own supplies are running out. However, even if they were, this would not cause prices to go up compared to the three points above. In the last 10 years, ... per annum increases in demand for oil. However, the increase in supply has been 2 ... ... This means that at current demand, we have enough reserves of oil to last 44 years. There will still be exploration rigs in Scottish waters in 40 years time. In 2004 a Semi Submersible was charging USA dollars 50,000. 4 years later the price has gone up massively to 350,000. That is a 7 fold increase. Oil companies are still making 10 ... ... profit in their investments which compares favourably with other industries. See ... for Economy of Scotland ... North Sea Oil State owned oil companies own ... of the worlds oil reserves. The UK state oil company was sold off by the Thatcher government in the 1990s. Billions of pounds are made in taxes from the oil fields. In 2007 230 Billion pounds went into the UK government purse. This includes oil field licences, various taxes before the oil reaches the refineries and other taxes such as fuel duty and VAT after refining. In the UK for each pound paid at the fuel tanks 65 pence is tax. North Sea oil has provided a major boost to the whole UK just when it really needed it. The economy has gone from strength to strength thanks in no small part to the continued support of North Sea oil. Without oil Margaret Thatcher may not have come to power at all, or certainly her reign would not have been so long and influential. This is not a UK only phenomenon, all round the world, those countries that have oil have felt its power influence their political polices and change their structure, not always for the better. Countries with oil become far more powerful and influential than similar sized countries without oil. Shetland has an oil fund so why not Scotland. Shetland at first did not want the oil but it has brought large financial benefit for the islands and a much improved standard of living. There are still some who wish it had never arrived to their beautiful homeland but most now are glad of the additional prosperity the industry has brought. This includes many extra benefits to local hotels and shops. Scotland is a main centre of ... oil industry and the city of Aberdeen is the oil capital of Europe. ... is one of the wealthiest in the UK. The oil industry is worth over 4 billion pounds a year to the city itself. Nearly half a million people are employed and work in every corner of the globe. The skills learned and developed in Scotland now go global. Workers commute to every corner of the known world, including Australia, New Guinea and anywhere they need highly skilled people to extract the black gold ... Today people would have left Aberdeen airport on route to the other side of the world to work for a month or more. Of the over 3400 oil and gas companies in Aberdeen many are industry leaders in the worldwide market. Directional Drilling has been around for many years but there are new advances allowing more drilling possibilities. Computer technology has brought ... oil wells. In many parts of the world only one third of the oil in a well is extracted. In the North Sea it is getting closer to two thirds. While this is in part due to the unique rock structures that provide greater oil pressures, it is also as a result of advances in local ... abilities and technologies. The Forties field was highly advanced for ... time. However, BP sold it to Apache when it was nearing ... predicted end. Scotland will have an oil industry long after the oil in the North Sea runs out in the second half of this century. As long as it does not let it die out like the Clyde shipping industries. Unlike the shipping industry whose demise many blame on the Westminster government, if Scotland becomes independent in the near future, at least they will only be able to blame themselves if the industry was to diminish. Everything in our modern world depends on energy. Things like light and heat are obvious but what about other things we take for granted like clean drinking water or ... Without energy our modern world would be transported back to ... revolution times. It has been said that any society is only three meals away from revolt, but stop the energy flow and revolt could happen even faster. When the 2003 black out hit North America, people could not use their credit cards or public transport and if you stayed in floor 50 of a tower block, you had a mountain to climb just to get home. Imagine every day carrying all your food and water up 50 floors after walking through several streets with it. Perhaps you would also have to negotiate gangs looking for an easy meal. Without energy, life would once again become a survival of the fittest and the meanest. We have learned more in the last 50 years than we have in the entire previous period of human existence and that statement will be true for many years to come. Energy and information are the two most powerful commodities in human societies. In the future, personal fabricators will take the place of microwave ovens in the average modern kitchen. As well as being able to provide a hot meal they will be able to build anything you request. You load materials into it and it extracts the atoms from that stuff and builds what you request from the atoms up. It will require a plan, designer plans or the latest model will cost money. It will also require the right atoms to be present in the stuff we give it. Recycling will take on a new dimension. After you tell it what you want and load the plan onto its system, it will tell you what atoms it requires. It may already have a surplus of some of the requirements from previous stuff you gave it, but it will require you to source new stuff. So ... say you want to build a new computer and it has most of the atoms required except it needs more aluminium, copper, two different types of plastic and a little gold. It then gives you ideas for where you might find these atoms. E.g. drinks can, plumbing pipe, plastic container, vehicle console and earring. So then off you go and find the stuff it needs. Some stuff will become more expensive than others. You could shovel in some earth and let it process that to see if it can find what it needs. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/book.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 7 Did they invent ... No, but it can sometimes seems like it. Many people in the West are wrongly given credit for inventions that have origins centuries before in China. Take the game of Golf for example. Scotland claims to be the inventor and ... of ... While it is true that Scotland laid down the rules and established the game as we play it today, there is proof that China was playing something similar some 100 years or more before any mention of the game in Scotland. Similarly, the oil industry in China had a very early birth. As early as the fourth century the Chinese were sucking oil out of the ground through bamboo pipes. The Chinese offshore oil industry began in the 1950s and after a slow start has continued to grow to a significant producer. On land there are oil and gas reserves in many parts of China including massive oil fields in Tibet. Because of the controversy surrounding ... 1949 invasion and occupation of Tibet, most non Chinese companies are not interested in working in Tibet. China is a Net importer and has rapidly become a massive user of oil, pushing up worldwide demand and prices. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/china.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 8 ... ... Copyright Disclaimer All our content at ... is copyrighted. You may not copy, reproduce, mirror, store, republish, download, post, broadcast, transmit or otherwise use ... content in any way except for your own personal, ... use, unless the material copied has full acknowledgment to ... including a link to our Web-site. e.g. The above is from ... ... ... respects other ... intellectual property and is an original piece of work. Any use of copyright material by us without permission is not intentional and will be removed if so requested. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/copyright_disclaimer.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 9 History of our Oil Age You could argue that the history of the oil industry began thousands of years ago in the Middle East where people would take oil from surface pools and ground seeps to use as lighting and later cooking. The Chinese were also early users of oil. As well as cooking and heating, in time people discovered oil had many other uses like waterproofing their boats. We have never stopped finding more and more things to do with oil. Oil Industry History of Producing ... China Iran UK USA Write about the ones we have missed and make money. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/index.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 10 The first oil field in the middle east was found in Iran. Oil litterly gushed from the rocks of the Zagros Mountains ... point Yellow Mountain ... near the northern tip of the Persian Gulf at the town of Masjed Soleyman. Most of ... massive oil and natural gas deposits are onshore between the Zagros Mountains and Iraq or the Persian Gulf. Compared to most other countries in the world, Iran has a significant offshore oil industry but not compared to their onshore reserves. Iranian oil reserves are second only to Saudi Arabia and only Russia has more natural gas. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/iran.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 11 Lifestyle offshore has changed over the years and can be very different depending on where you are in the world. The following is a typical example from a U.K. rig. Rigs generate their own electricity and water arrives in two forms by boat. You have drinking water and you have ... water, which has many uses from flushing toilets to washing down decks and windows. Before you start work you need to eat. You will usually get 3 breaks during your shift. Two fifteen minute breaks and a half hour lunch break. After a 12 hour shift, you eat your main meal. The food is usually of a good standard and you can eat as much as you want. There are plenty of snacks available for people that are hungry out of normal meal times. Meals are every 3 hours or so 24 hours a day. A short briefing is conducted before you go on shift. This usually contains a brief summary of what has been going on while you have been sleeping, any safety points and what you will be doing. Your time off is limited. You work for 12 hours, if you sleep for 8 hours, you only have 4 hours to spare. Typically this would be used by getting changed and showered and eating after your shift takes about 1 hour. You need to get up at least an hour before you start your shift, to get dressed, eat, attend the ... briefing and then get your work gear on and arrive at your work place on time. So with the other 2 hours you could spend half an hour queuing for a quick phone call then watch a movie in the small cinema. Or you could play a game of table tennis or table football before reading and a bit of TV. Facilities vary greatly from rig to rig. If you are on a floating rig like a semi submersible or drill ship, there will obviously not be snooker or pool tables. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/life_offshore.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 12 Add Your Link Help! Name (Optional. But why ... ... ... Website ... ... Description of ... http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/links.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 13 Add your link to our links page today. For an even better way to bottom of any page of this site, add your link details and some helpful comments about that page. We will then include your link in that page. Getting a link in the text of a ... is far more valuable for YOUR site compared to the same link in a links page. What should you write in your ... 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Username Password If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to get in touch ... http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/online_writing_work.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 15 As you would expect from such a huge and diverse industry, all kinds of people from all kinds of backgrounds work in the oil industry. Some just want to work for a few years and gather enough to start a business perhaps in a completely unrelated industry. For others, it is their dream career and they would do anything to save it. For the majority of offshore employees that are stationed on the same Rig, it becomes like a second home. Many get very attached to it and talk fondly about ... Most people put great effort into getting along with their colleagues. Fights are rare, mainly because both parties would be instantly sacked regardless of blame. Please reply with your experiences of the people who you worked with. 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As such, we will not be held liable for any damages or losses that may arise from the use of information contained here at oilindustryhistory.com. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/terms.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 19 North Sea Oil was first discovered in Norwegian waters in 1966. Shortly after that the first Scottish fields were discovered. In 1970 the Forties field was discovered and five years later the first oil came ashore. Scotland now produces more oil than Kuwait. In the mid seventies the UK was in dire financial trouble and it was oil that saved England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland from bankruptcy. Having our own oil meant we were not dependant on OPEC who were forcing up the cost at the pumps and we could pay for the massive numbers unemployed across the UK at the time. Other problems such as the ... strikes caused financial pressure for the whole country that would have been far worse if not for the oil. They said the North Sea would be dry by 1995. In 2008 it was estimated that there was over 30 Billion barrels left, which is more than we have taken out already. We have not yet looked at every part of our waters. New technology is allowing us to drill in deeper and deeper water and in the wild Atlantic waters off the west coast of Scotland. Scottish and other UK companies are world leaders in these new technologies. Similar technology also allows us to extract more oil from previously abandoned wells. Therefore the remaining oil reserves could be as much as 60 ... 100 Billion barrels. In 2008 Shell brought 4 new fields online and invested over 100 Million pounds into their North Sea operation. They do not throw their money into something that will not give them a return. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/uk.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 20 In the late 18th and into the 19th centuries, oil was available in seeps and small pools or in springs where the water carried small quantities of oil from underground reservoirs. Native Americans used it for medicinal purposes. In Titusville, Pennsylvania white traders would gather small quantities and bottle and sell it as a cure for all ... ills. Often used as a liniment ... perhaps some of the remedy claims were accurate since refined products produced from oil are used extensively today to treat many skin ailments including psoriasis. The first well was started on the 1st of July 1859 by Colonel Drake near Titusville, Pa. He struck oil 29 days later. Initially he was laughed at for suggesting drilling for the oil, but when news broke of the success of his find, a oil rush ensued. Like the gold rush a decade before, oil would make poor men rich. Where many a shovel maker got rich in the gold rush, barrel makers made a killing from the new oil industry. While Colonel Drake made a considerable fortune from his oil business, like so many of the early pioneers he quickly lost it all. He would have ended his days in complete poverty had it not been for the generosity of Pennsylvania which granted him a pension in recognition of the great benefits his work had brought to the state. Since those days, the U.S. industry has grown to be a global leader, supplying equipment, expertise and personnel around the world. As the demand for oil continued to rise so new wells were sought. Each new location presented different challenges. Sometimes because of the rock types encountered and often because of the terrain. The discovery of oil under the sea presented some of the hardest obstacles. The Gulf of Mexico saw the first open water offshore wells and a massive new industry, requiring new techniques and equipment. http://www.oilindustryhistory.com/usa.html http://www.oilindustryhistory.com 21